Geographic information systems (GIS) are in widespread use by both public and private organizations. any more organizations would like to implement the technology, but they must first justify this major purchase.

COSIT, the Conference on Spatial Information Theory, is one of the key conference series that has marked the evolution of GIS from geographic information systems to geographic information science.

Intellectual property is the resulting creation that springs from one’s intellect or mind to which one can claim ownership rights in said creation.

Computer-aided drafting (CAD) is an automated system designed to efficiently and accurately create and display graphic entities at a high level of precision, primarily for use in architecture, engineering, and mechanical design.

Cognitive science is the discipline or collection of disciplines that scientifically studies knowledge and knowing in intelligent entities, including humans, nonhuman animals, and synthetic computational entities, such as robots.

Data classification, also known as data classing or selection of intervals, is the process by which a set of interval or ratio data are divided into a small number of classes or categories.

Of all the different methods of statistical mapping, the choropleth method has benefited the most from the computerization of maps.

Between 1979 and 1987, the British government published three major national reports that focused on mapping, satellite remote sensing, and GIS and geographic information.

The term census usually refers to the complete process of preparation, collection, compilation, evaluation, analysis, and dissemination of data on demographic, social, economic, and housing characteristics.

Time in the system then takes the form of an ongoing series of steps. The model begins with the initial configuration and enacts the rules independently at each cell, updating all cells synchronously at the passing of each time step.

Cartography is the field of study devoted to maps and mapping. It includes any activity in which the creation, presentation, and use of maps is of basic concern.

Cartographic modeling is a general methodology for the analysis and synthesis of geospatial data. It has been incorporated into a number of raster-oriented geographic information systems, and it can be used to address a variety of applications in a unified manner.

Cartograms are maps in which symbol sizes represent some measured quantity. Maps that use area preserving projections can be considered cartograms; however, the term usually refers to a combination of statistical map and graph distorted to represent social phenomena.

The Canada Geographic Information System (CGIS) is generally acclaimed as the first operational GIS in the world.

The term BLOB is used in the computer world to describe a data entity that is not of a standard primitive data type (e.g., number, date, time, character string), particularly when applied to field definitions in a relational database.

Attributes are the (often) nongeographic, descriptive properties assigned to spatial entities. Attributes can be representative of any characteristic (e.g., physical, environmental, social,

The Association of Geographic Information Laboratories for Europe (AGILE) was established in 1998, with a mission to promote teaching and research on geographic information systems (GIS)...

Analytical cartography is a theory-centric sub discipline of cartography. It develops a scientific base of mathematical theory, concepts, and methods underlying cartographic research.

Aggregation is the process of grouping spatial data at a level of detail or resolution that is coarser than the level at which the data were collected. For example, a national census collects sociodemographic and socioeconomic information for households.

Agent-based models are computer models that use agents, or small software programs, to represent autonomous individual actors, such as households or plants, that create complex systems, such as economies or ecosystems, respectively.

Accuracy is defined as the closeness of observations to the truth. Within geographic information science, this definition does not necessarily cater for all situations associated with geographic information

India has a geographical area of about 329 million hectares but statistical information is available only for about 93 percent of the area (viz., for 305 million hectares).

Indian Geography : Learn the most important facts and factors about Indian Geography. This article includes significant information on various Geographical terms and projects. Waiting for some more information on Indian